Finger Joint Fusions
Hand, Wrist & Finger Specialist Care
Finger joint fusion is a surgical procedure performed to treat severe arthritis or joint instability in the fingers. This technique involves permanently joining two or more bones together, eliminating the painful joint movement. Fusion is often considered when conservative treatments fail to provide relief, and the patient experiences chronic pain and functional limitations.
Indications
Finger joint fusions are recommended for individuals with the following conditions:
Finger joint fusion, also known as arthrodesis, is a surgical procedure designed to relieve pain and stabilise joints affected by arthritis, injury, or severe deformity. It is often recommended when non-surgical treatments such as medications, splints, or therapy have failed to provide long-term relief. By permanently joining the bones of the joint, finger fusion eliminates painful movement and restores hand function.
Advanced arthritis: Severe degeneration of the joint cartilage leading to pain, swelling, and stiffness.
Joint instability: Significant joint instability due to ligament damage or joint deformities.
Failed previous treatments: When other conservative treatments, such as medications, splints, or injections, do not provide satisfactory results.
Joints that can benefit from fusion
Finger joint fusions are commonly performed on the following joints:
Fusion surgery can be performed on several joints in the hand. The most common sites include the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints near the fingertips, and the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints in the middle of the fingers. In some cases, the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints at the base of the fingers may also be treated with fusion.
Distal interphalangeal joints (DIPJs): The DIPJ is the most frequent joint to benefit from fusion, especially when large osteophytes (bumps) around the joint cause significant discomfort.
Proximal interphalangeal joints (PIPJs): The PIPJ can be fused or replaced, depending on the severity of symptoms and arthritis.
Types of fusion
There are different surgical techniques available to achieve joint fusion. Surgeons may use screws, plates, wires, or pins to hold the bones in place while they heal together. The choice of fixation depends on the joint involved, the patient’s bone quality, and the surgeon’s preference.
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Screws and plates provide strong stabilisation.
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Pins and wires are sometimes used for smaller joints.
Non-Surgical Treatment
Before considering surgery, patients are encouraged to try non-surgical treatments. These may include splinting, anti-inflammatory medications, corticosteroid injections, and hand therapy. Non-surgical care may relieve symptoms in milder cases, but severe arthritis or deformity often requires surgical intervention.
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Splints support joints and reduce strain.
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Medications and injections relieve inflammation and pain.
Surgery Result
The main outcome of finger joint fusion is lasting pain relief and improved hand stability. While patients lose movement at the fused joint, they often gain the ability to use their hands more effectively without discomfort. For many, this leads to improved grip and overall hand function.
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Eliminates painful motion in the affected joint.
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Provides a more functional, stable hand.
Rehabilitation
After finger joint fusion, rehabilitation is a crucial part of the recovery process and may include:
Recovery after finger joint fusion involves a period of immobilisation followed by gradual rehabilitation. Initially, the hand is placed in a splint or cast to allow the bones to fuse properly. Once healing progresses, patients begin gentle exercises to maintain mobility in surrounding joints and strengthen the hand.
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Splints are typically worn for 4–6 weeks.
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Hand therapy supports strength and function restoration.
Frequently Asked Questions
Bone fusion typically takes 6–12 weeks, though complete recovery may take several months.
Finger joint fusions with Dr Oscar
Brumby-Rendell
Finger joint fusion is a valuable surgical technique to alleviate pain and improve function in individuals with severe arthritis or joint instability in the fingers. It is commonly performed on the DIPJ and PIPJ, providing long-lasting relief and promoting a return to daily activities. If you are experiencing persistent finger joint pain or instability, consult with Dr Oscar Brumby-Rendell to determine if finger joint fusion is the appropriate treatment option for you.
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